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| [1.] Br/Fragment 009 01 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2016-05-21 18:07:09 Schumann | Benfenati 2007, Br, Fragment, Gesichtet, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop, Verschleierung |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 9, Zeilen: 1-6 |
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| [The] explicit memory fades relatively rapidly in the absence of recall and refreshing and prone to distortion (Cohen and Squire, 1980; Squire., et al., 1993; Squire, 2004).
Neuropsychological studies on patients, mainly pioneered by Brenda Millner with the famous H.M. case, have shown that the multiple memory systems involve distinct brain areas, especially the medial temporal lobe, and exhibit distinctive features (Scoville and Milner, 1957). • Cohen NJ, Squire LR (1980) Preserved learnign and retention of pattern analysing skill in amnesia: dissociation of knowing how and knowing that. Science.210:207-10. • Scoville WB and Milner B (1957) Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.20:11-21. • Squire LR (1993) The hippocampus and spatial memory. Trends Neurosci 16:56-7. • Squire LR (2004) Memory systems of the brain: a brief history and current perspective. Neurobiol Learn Mem 82:171-177. |
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Neuropsychological studies on neurological patients, mainly pioneered by Brenda Millner with the famous H.M. case, have shown that the multiple me- [Seite 62] mory systems involve distinct brain areas and exhibit distinctive features. Thus, explicit memory needs an intact medial temporal lobe (hippocampus), [...] However, while explicit memory fades relatively rapidly in the absence of recall and refreshing, implicit memory is much more robust and may last for all our life even in the absence of further practice (4, 5). 4. Blackemore C. Mechanics of the mind. Cambridge; Cambridge University Press, 1977. 5. Kandel ER, Pittenger C. The past, the future and the biology of memory storage. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1999; 354: 2027-52. |
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| [2.] Br/Fragment 009 09 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2016-05-21 18:04:42 Schumann | Br, Fragment, Gesichtet, Maren und Baudry 1995, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop, Verschleierung |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 9, Zeilen: 9-12 |
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| In 1949 Donald Hebb in his book “The Organization of Behavior” proposed that memories are stored in the mammalian brain as stronger synaptic connections between neurons active during learning. The specific mechanism he suggested to bring about these changes in synaptic transmission is relatively simple. | In his now classic book, “The Organization of Behavior” (1949), Donald Hebb proposed that memories are stored in the mammalian brain as stronger synaptic connections between neurons active during learning. The specific mechanism he suggested to bring about these changes in synaptic transmission is relatively simple. |
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| [3.] Br/Fragment 009 19 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2016-05-21 18:05:09 Schumann | Br, Fragment, Gesichtet, Maren und Baudry 1995, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop, Verschleierung |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 9, Zeilen: 19-24 |
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| In other words, correlation/or association of pre- and post-synaptic activity in two neurons elicits some change in one or both of the neurons such that the synaptic connection between them is strengthened (Hebb, 1949). These kind of modified synapses are referred as “Hebbian synapses” or “Hebb synapses”. Later this became a theoretical foundation for many neurobiological and computational models of “synaptic plasticity” and has revolutionized thinking about the nature of the neural [mechanisms of learning and memory formation.]
• Hebb DO (1949) The Organization of Behavior, Wiley: New York. |
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In other words, correlation (or association) of pre- and post-synaptic activity in two neurons elicits some change in one or both of the neurons such that the synaptic connection between them is strengthened (Hebb, 1949). We will refer to synapses that are modified in this manner as “Hebbian synapses” or “Hebb synapses.” [...] The importance of Hebb’s contribution in this regard cannot be contested: the Hebb synapse is a construct that has become a theoretical foundation for many neurobiological and computational models of synaptic plasticity and has revolutionized thinking about the nature of the neural mechanisms of learning and memory formation. Hebb, D. O. (1949). The organization of behavior. New York: Wiley. |
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