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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 5, Zeilen: 8-19 |
Quelle: Butterfield et al 2006 Seite(n): 457, 458, 459, Zeilen: 457: r.col: 33-37; 458: l.col:15-19; 459: l.col: 12-15,22-27,33-34, r.col: 7-10 |
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| The cellular processes of inflammation are regulated by a series of specific cell signals that stimulate a variety of cell types, resulting in a cascade of events including white blood cell (WBC) recruitment and activation. Neutrophils are the first subpopulation of WBCs to enter traumatized or stressed tissues (Cannon and St Pierre 1998). The traditional thinking has been that these cytokines were released only by injured or stressed tissue, resulting in the localization of neutrophils to these injured tissues. The role of neutrophils in liver injury remains controversial. Although neutrophils contribute to liver damage by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Jaeschke and Hasegawa 2006).
Currently, researchers are focused on the mechanisms for neutrophil recruitment and the function of these neutrophils in otherwise healthy, uninjured tissue. Among the most important questions regarding neutrophils and inflammation is whether the localization of neutrophils after passing the endothelium facilitates healing or tissue destruction. An early [intervention may prove the most beneficial strategy to minimizing tissue injury and facilitating tissue repair and recovery of function after soft bone injury (Butterfield et al. 2006).] Butterfield TA, Best TM, Merrick MA (2006) The dual roles of neutrophils and macrophages in inflammation: a critical balance between tissue damage and repair. J Athl Train 41:457-465 Cannon JG, St Pierre BA (1998) Cytokines in exertion-induced skeletal muscle injury. Mol Cell Biochem 179:159-167 Jaeschke H, Hasegawa T (2006) Role of neutrophils in acute inflammatory liver injury. Liver Int 26:912-919 |
[page 457]
The cellular processes of inflammation are regulated by a series of specific cell signals that stimulate a variety of cell types, resulting in a cascade of events including white blood cell (WBC) recruitment and activation. [page 458] Although the implications for clinical therapeutics are not fully realized at this time, early intervention may prove the most beneficial strategy to minimizing tissue injury and facilitating tissue repair and recovery of function. [page 459] The traditional thinking has been that these cytokines were released only by injured or damaged myocytes, resulting in the localization of neutrophils to these injured tissues. [...] Currently, researchers are focused on the mechanisms for neutrophil recruitment and the function of these neutrophils in otherwise healthy, uninjured muscle. Among the most important questions regarding neutrophils and inflammation is whether the localization of neutrophils in the ECM facilitates healing or tissue destruction. [...] [...] Neutrophils are the first subpopulation of WBCs to enter traumatized or stressed tissues.17 [...] Currently, the role of neutrophils in muscle injury remains controversial. Although neutrophils contribute to preexisting muscle damage,47 evidence is mounting that they may provide the principal insult to the muscle membrane.39 17. Cannon JG, St Pierre BA. Cytokines in exertion-induced skeletal muscle injury. Mol Cell Biochem. 1998;179:159–167. 39. Pizza FX, Koh TJ, McGregor SJ, Brooks SV. Muscle inflammatory cells after passive stretches, isometric contractions, and lengthening contractions. J Appl Physiol. 2002;92:1873–1878. 47. Frenette J, St-Pierre M, Cote CH, Mylona E, Pizza FX. Muscle impairment occurs rapidly and precedes inflammatory cell accumulation after mechanical loading. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2002;282: R351–R357. |
The source is given at the very end, but without indication that most of the preceding two paragraphs has been taken verbatim from it. Note that the source is largely about muscle injury, whereas the thesis discusses liver damage in rats. The copied text is adapted accordingly. |
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