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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 41, Zeilen: 1-6 |
Quelle: Beckner et al 2006 Seite(n): 524, Zeilen: left col. 51-55 - right col. 1-5 |
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| [Many studies have found an impairing effect of cortisol on word or narrative recall by using both] psychosocial stress (Jelicic [sic], Geraerts, Merckelbach, & Guerrieri, 2004; Wolf et al., 2001) and glucocorticoid administration (Kirschbaum et al., 1996; Tops et al., 2003), although it is pertinent to note that these studies applied the stressor or glucocorticoid prior to stimulus presentation and tested recall within an hour of the manipulation, thereby elevating cortisol during encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. The detrimental effects of stress on memory in these studies may thus be due to impaired retrieval (Beckner et al., 2006).
Beckner, V.E., Tucker, D.M., Delville, Y., & Mohr, D.C. (2006). Stress facilitates consolidation of verbal memory for a film but does not affect retrieval. Behavioural Neuroscience, 120, 518-527. Jelici, M., Geraerts, E., Merckelbach, H., & Guerrieri, R. (2004). Acute stress enhances memory for emotional words, but impairs memory for neutral words. International Journal of Neuroscience, 114, 1343–1351. Kirschbaum, C., Wolf, O.T., May, M., Wippich, W., & Hellhammer, D.H. (1996). Stress- and treatment-induced elevations of cortisol levels associated with impaired declarative memory in healthy adults. Life Sciences, 58, 1475-1483. Tops, M., van der Pompe, G., Baas, D., Mulder, L.J., Den Boer, J.A., Meijman, T.F., Korf, J. (2003). Acute cortisol effects on immediate free recall and recognition of nouns depend on stimulus valence. Psychophysiology, 40, 167-173. Wolf, O.T., Convit, A., McHugh, P.F., Kandil, E., Thorn, E.L., De Santi, S., McEwen, B.S., & de Leon, M.J. (2001a). Cortisol differentially affects memory in young and elderly men. Behavioural Neuroscience, 105, 1002-1011. Wolf, O.T., Schommer, N.C., Hellhammer, D.H., McEwen, B.S., & Kirschbaum, C. (2001b). The relationship between stress induced cortisol levels and memory differs between men and women. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 26, 711-720. |
Many studies have found an impairing effect of cortisol on word or narrative recall by using both psychosocial stress (Jelici, Geraerts, Merckelbach, & Guerrieri, 2004; Wolf, Schommer, et al., 2001) and glucocorticoid administration (Kirschbaum et al., 1996; Tops et al., 2003), although these studies applied the stressor or glucocorticoid prior to stimulus presentation and tested recall within an hour of the manipulation, thereby elevating cortisol during encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. The detrimental effects of stress on memory in these studies may be due to impaired retrieval.
Jelici, M., Geraerts, E., Merckelbach, H., & Guerrieri, R. (2004). Acute stress enhances memory for emotional words, but impairs memory for neutral words. International Journal of Neuroscience, 114, 1343-1351. Kirschbaum, C., Wolf, O. T., May, M., Wippich, W., & Hellhammer, D. H. (1996). Stress- and treatment-induced elevations of cortisol levels associated with impaired declarative memory in healthy adults. Life Sciences, 58, 1475-1483. Tops, M., van der Pompe, G., Baas, D., Mulder, L. J., Den Boer, J. A., Meijman, T. F., et al. (2003). Acute cortisol effects on immediate free recall and recognition of nouns depend on stimulus valence. Psychophysiology, 40, 167-173. Wolf, O. T., Schommer, N. C., Hellhammer, D. H., McEwen, B. S., & Kirschbaum, C. (2001). The relationship between stress induced cortisol levels and memory differs between men and women. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 26, 711-720. |
Although the source is given, it is not made clear how detailed the takeover has been. No part of the text is marked as a citation. |
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