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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 332, Zeilen: 10-24 |
Quelle: Beckner 2004 Seite(n): 30, 31, Zeilen: 30: 14ff; 31: 1ff |
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| In animal studies however, evidence suggests that while the amygdala is involved in conditioning, the hippocampus plays an important role in forming memories of contextual cues associated with the conditioning event (Phillips & LeDoux, 1994). Pugh and colleagues (1997) conditioned rats to an auditory cue while placed in a white cooler (i.e., context). A glucocorticoid antagonist administered prior to conditioning or immediately after did not affect auditory cue conditioning 24 later (i.e., freezing behaviour in response to tone in a novel environment). The treatment did, however, impair contextual fear conditioning (i.e., failing to freeze when put inside the cooler without a tone) in treated animals compared to vehicle-treated controls. Similar findings have been observed in relation to the effects of corticosteroids on spatial memory (e.g., Conrad et al., 1997). Importantly in this regard, spatial memory paradigms in animal research typically involve some form of associative learning. Generally, a behaviour is learned over several trials through operant conditioning (i.e., the location of food in a radial arm maze or escape routes). Successful recall of the learned behaviour then required memory for spatial information in these tasks, which some consider explicit (i.e., episodic memory). | Evidence suggests that while the amygdala is involved with conditioning, the hippocampus plays an important role in forming memories of contextual cues associated with the conditioning event (Phillips & LeDoux, 1992, 1994). Pugh and colleagues thus conditioned rats to an auditory cue while placed in a white cooler (context). A glucocorticoid antagonist administered prior to conditioning or immediately after did not affect auditory cue conditioning 24 hours later (freezing behavior in response to tone in a novel environment). The treatment did, however, impair contextual fear conditioning (failing to freeze when put inside cooler without the tone) in treated animals compared to vehicle-treated controls (Pugh, Fleshner, & Rudy, 1997). [...]
[...] Similar findings have been obtained on the effects of corticosteroids on spatial memory, as measured using different types of mazes. It should be noted that although these studies are typically distinguished from “associative learning” studies in the animal [page 31] literature, spatial memory paradigms in animal research typically involve some type of associative learning. Generally, a behavior is learned over several trials through operant conditioning (location of food in a radial arm maze or escape routes). Successful recall of the learned behavior then requires memory for spatial information in these tasks, which some consider explicit (episodic) memory. |
The source is mentioned nowhere in the thesis. |
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