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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 3, Zeilen: 1-12 |
Quelle: Paul and Robeson 2008 Seite(n): 3187, Zeilen: li. Spalte 19-23 - re. Sp. 1 |
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| [Phase separated polymer blends often achieve nanoscale phase dimensions; block copolymer domain morphology is usually at the nanoscale level; asymmetric] membranes often have nanoscale void structure, mini emulsion particles are below 100 nm; and interfacial phenomena in blends and composites involve nanoscale dimensions. Even with nanocomposites, carbon black reinforcement of elastomers, colloidal silica modification and even naturally occurring fiber (e.g., asbestos-nanoscale fiber diameter) reinforcement are subjects that have been investigated for decades [9].
Almost lost in the present nanocomposite discussions are the organic–inorganic nanocomposites based on sol–gel chemistry which have been investigated for several decades [10]. In essence, the nanoscale of dimensions is the transition zone between the macro level and the molecular level. Recent interest in polymer matrix based nanocomposites has emerged initially with interesting observations involving exfoliated clay and more recent studies with carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, exfoliated graphite (graphene), nanocrystalline metals and a host of additional nanoscale inorganic filler or fiber modifications. [9] D.R. Paul, L.M. Robeson, Polymer 49 (2008) 3187–3204 [10] J.E.Mark, CY. Jiang, MY. Tang, Macromolecules 1984; 17:2613–6. |
Phase separated polymer blends often achieve nanoscale phase dimensions; block copolymer domain morphology is usually at the nanoscale level; asymmetric membranes often have nanoscale void structure, miniemulsion particles are below 100 nm; and interfacial phenomena in blends and composites involve nanoscale dimensions. Even with nanocomposites, carbon black reinforcement of elastomers, colloidal silica modification and even naturally occurring fiber (e.g., asbestos-nanoscale fiber diameter) reinforcement are subjects that have been investigated for decades. Almost lost in the present nanocomposite discussions are the organic–inorganic nanocomposites based on sol–gel chemistry which have been investigated for several decades [1-3]. In essence, the nanoscale of dimensions is the transition zone between the macrolevel and the molecular level. Recent interest in polymer matrix based nanocomposites has emerged initially with interesting observations involving exfoliated clay and more recent studies with carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, exfoliated graphite (graphene), nanocrystalline metals and a host of additional nanoscale inorganic filler or fiber modifications.
[1] Mark JE, Jiang CY, Tang MY. Macromolecules 1984;17:2613–6. [2] Wilkes GL, Orler B, Huang H. Polym Prep 1985;26:300–1. [3] Wen J, Wilkes GL. Chem Mater 1996;8:1667–81. |
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