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| [1.] Nm/Fragment 081 01 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2012-04-20 22:06:24 WiseWoman | Fragment, Gesichtet, Nm, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop, Verschleierung, Xu etal 2004 |
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Quelle: Xu etal 2004 Seite(n): 5, Zeilen: 1ff |
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| 2.13.1 Descriptive methods
The descriptive analysis is often employed to detect structural changes in social networks. Desciptive methods are used to test how well a sociologic theory is supported by empirical data. With descriptive methods, structural properties of a social network are measured by various metrics and indexes and compared across time to describe the dynamics in nodes, links, or groups in the network. Little research has been found that studied the dynamics at the overall network level. Node level measures and values often focus on and reflect the changes in individuals’ centrality, influence, and other characteristics in a social network. To study how an individual’s social position relates to his or her technology adoption behavior, Burkhardt and Brass studied a communication network of 94 employees of an organization at four time points after a new computerized information system was deployed (Burkhardt, M.E. and D.J. Brass, 1990). They found that the centrality (degree and closeness) and power of early adopters of new technology increased over time. Using Newcomb’s classic longitudinal data (Newcomb, T.M., 1961), Nakao and Romney measured the “positional stability” of 17 new members in a fraternity during a 15-week period (Nakao, K. and A.K. Romney, 1993). For each week, these individuals were mapped into a two-dimensional MDS diagram based on their relational strength. As individuals may change their positions over time, the lengths of their paths of movement were calculated with a short path indicating a high positional stability. The positional stability index was used to examine how popular and unpopular individuals differ in the speed with which they found their appropriate social groups. In the area of citation analysis where an author citation network is treated as a social network, centrality type metrics have been used to trace the [dynamics of authors’ influence on a scientific discipline.] |
3.1.1 Descriptive methods
The purpose of descriptive analysis is often to detect structural changes in social networks and test how well a sociologic theory is supported by empirical data. With descriptive methods, structural properties of a social network are measured by various metrics and indexes and compared across time to describe the dynamics in nodes, links, or groups in the network. Little research has been found which studied the dynamics at the overall network level. Node level measures often focus on changes in individuals’ centrality, influence, and other characteristics. To study how an individual’s social position relates to his or her technology adoption behavior, Burkhardt and Brass studied a communication network of 94 employees of an organization at four time points after a new computerized information system was deployed [EN 3]. They found that the centrality (degree and closeness) and power of early adopters of new technology increased over time. Using Newcomb’s classic longitudinal data [EN 28], Nakao and Romney measured the “positional stability” of 17 new members in a fraternity during a 15-week period [EN 27]. For each week, these individuals were mapped into a two-dimensional MDS diagram based on their relational strength. As individuals may change their positions over time, the lengths of their paths of movement were calculated with a short path indicating a high positional stability. The positional stability index was used to examine how popular and unpopular individuals differ in the speed with which they found their appropriate social groups. In the area of citation analysis where an author citation network is treated as a social network, centrality type metrics have been used to trace the dynamics of authors’ influence on a scientific discipline. [EN 3]. Burkhardt, M.E. & D.J. Brass (1990). Changing patterns or patterns of change: The effects of a change in technology on social network structure and power. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 104-127. [EN 27]. Nakao, K. & A.K. Romney (1993). Longitudinal approach to subgroup formation: Re-analysis of Newcomb's fraternity data. Social Networks, 15, 109-131. [EN 28]. Newcomb, T.M. (1961). The acquaintance process, ed. Series. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston. |
Only minor adjustments. Also literature references have been copied. Source is not given. |
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