Angaben zur Quelle [Bearbeiten]
| Autor | T. Smeets, H. Otgaar, I. Candel, O.T. Wolf |
| Titel | True or false? Memory is differentially affected by stress-induced cortisol elevations and sympathetic activity at consolidation and retrieval. |
| Zeitschrift | Psychoneuroendocrinology |
| Datum | November 2008 |
| Jahrgang | 33 |
| Nummer | 10 |
| Seiten | 1378-1386 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.07.009 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18790572 (abstract) |
Literaturverz. |
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| Fußnoten | yes |
| Fragmente | 2 |
Fragmente der Quelle:
| [1.] Jm/Fragment 041 22 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2014-01-12 21:57:25 Graf Isolan | Fragment, Gesichtet, Jm, KomplettPlagiat, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop, Smeets et al 2008 |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 41, Zeilen: 22-23 |
Quelle: Smeets et al 2008 Seite(n): 1379, Zeilen: l.col: 26ff |
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| Participants were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST; Kirschbaum et al., 1993) or a non-stressful filler task after which they had to listen to 20 DRM word lists, each [followed by a computerized recognition task. Compared to controls, participants exposed to the TSST showed elevated rates of false recognition for the critical lures.] | In a study by Payne et al. (2002), participants were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST; Kirschbaum et al., 1993) or a non-stressful filler task after which they had to listen to 20 DRM word lists, each followed by a computerized recognition task. Compared to controls, participants exposed to the TSST showed elevated rates of false recognition for the critical lures. |
The source is only mentioned in the next paragraph without apparent reference to this paragraph. |
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| [2.] Jm/Fragment 042 11 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2014-01-12 21:34:16 Graf Isolan | BauernOpfer, Fragment, Gesichtet, Jm, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop, Smeets et al 2008 |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 42, Zeilen: 11-24 |
Quelle: Smeets et al 2008 Seite(n): 1378, Zeilen: abstract |
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| In a more recent study, Smeets and colleagues (2008), found that memory is differentially affected by stress-induced cortisol elevations and sympathetic activity at consolidation and retrieval. Participants were first exposed to a cold pressor task stressor before encoding, during consolidation, before retrieval, or were not stressed and were subsequently subjected to neutral and emotional versions of the DRM word list learning paradigm. Twenty-four hours later, recall of presented words (true recall) and non-presented critical lure words (false recall) was assessed. Results indicated that stress exposure resulted in superior true memory performance in the consolidation stress group and reduced true memory performance in the retrieval stress group compared to the other groups, predominantly for emotional words. These memory-enhancing and memory-impairing effects were strongly related to stress-induced cortisol and sympathetic activity measured via salivary alpha-amylase levels. Neutral and emotional false recall, on the other hand, was neither affected by stress exposure, nor related to cortisol and sympathetic activity following stress. These results demonstrate the importance of stress-induced hormone-related activity in enhancing memory consolidation and in impairing memory retrieval, in particular for emotional memory material. | Participants (N=90) were exposed to a stressor before encoding, during consolidation, before retrieval, or were not stressed and then were subjected to neutral and emotional versions of the Deese-Roediger-McDermott word list learning paradigm. Twenty-four hours later, recall of presented words (true recall) and non-presented critical lure words (false recall) was assessed. Results show that stress exposure resulted in superior true memory performance in the consolidation stress group and reduced true memory performance in the retrieval stress group compared to the other groups, predominantly for emotional words. These memory-enhancing and memory-impairing effects were strongly related to stress-induced cortisol and sympathetic activity measured via salivary alpha-amylase levels. Neutral and emotional false recall, on the other hand, was neither affected by stress exposure, nor related to cortisol and sympathetic activity following stress. These results demonstrate the importance of stress-induced hormone-related activity in enhancing memory consolidation and in impairing memory retrieval, in particular for emotional memory material. |
While it is clear to the reader that here the study of Smeets et al. (2008) is presented, it is not clear that simply a large part of the abstract has been copied into the thesis, including the critical interpretation of the study: "These results demonstrate the importance of ..." |
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