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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 15, Zeilen: 1-15 |
Quelle: Foradori et al 2008 Seite(n): 0, Zeilen: 0 |
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| [It has to take the additional time for] mRNA to be translated into proteins and for those proteins to be processed and induce measurable responses. The cellular responses are changes in free intracellular calcium, and activations of second messenger pathways. The second criterion is membrane mediated. The response should include embedding membrane or associating receptors or binding proteins. The action can be induced even when the steroid is conjugated to molecules which prohibit it from translocation to the nucleus when bound to a receptor. The most common example is the use of testosterone (T) conjugated to large molecules such as bovine serum albumin (BSA). The last is lacking transcription/ translation machinery activation. Experiments using cell lines either lacking the necessary machinery for a genomic response or identifying androgen effects, they are insensitive to inhibitors of transcription and translation. All this demonstrated that certain steroid responses can be elicited in systems where gene transcription or protein synthesis is was unlikely or impossible. [C.D.Foradori, et al. 2008] | However, it then takes additional time for mRNA to be translated into proteins and for the proteins to be processed and induce measurable responses. Typically, cellular responses, which meet this requirement, are changes in free intracellular calcium, and activation of second messenger pathways. 2) Membrane mediated: the response may involve membrane embedded or associated receptors or binding proteins, and with an action that can be induced even when the steroid is conjugated to molecules that prohibit it from entering deep into the cytoplasm or from translocating to the nucleus when bound to a receptor. The most common example is the use of testosterone (T) conjugated to large molecules such as bovine serum albumin (BSA). 3) Lacking transcription/translation machinery activation: experiments using either cell lines that lack the necessary machinery for a genomic response or identify androgen effects which are insensitive to inhibitors of transcription and translation, thereby demonstrate that certain steroid responses can be elicited in systems where gene transcription or protein synthesis is unlikely or impossible. |
might be considered "no verdict" as well since the source is given and it is not a literal copy. |
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