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Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 7, Zeilen: 7-21 |
Quelle: Zou and Yoder 2005 Seite(n): 211, Zeilen: l.col: 2ff |
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RNA interference (RNAi) was a term coined by Fire and coworkers to describe the inhibition of gene expression by double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) when introduced into nematode worms (Caenorhabditis elegans). Following on from the studies of Guo and Kemphues (1995), who had found that sense RNA was as effective as antisense RNA for suppressing gene expression in worms, Fire et al. (1998) applied single-stranded antisense RNA and double stranded RNA in their experiments. To their surprise, they found that dsRNA was more effective in producing interference than was either strand individually. After injection into adult C. elegans, single-stranded antisense RNA had a modest effect in diminishing specific gene expression, whereas double-stranded mixtures caused potent and specific interference.
Today we know that RNAi is a multistep process involving the generation of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in vivo through the action of the RNase III endonuclease Dicer. The resulting 21- to 23-nt siRNAs mediate the degradation of their complementary RNA (Shi, 2003). |
RNA interference (RNAi) was a term coined by Fire and coworkers (1998) to describe the inhibition of gene expression by double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) when introduced into nematode worms (Caenorhabditis elegans). Following on from the studies of Guo and Kemphues (1995), who had found that sense RNA was as effective as antisense RNA for suppressing gene expression in worms, Fire et al. (1998) applied single-stranded antisense RNA and double stranded RNA in their experiments. To their surprise, they found that dsRNA was more effective at producing interference than was either strand individually. After injection into adult C. elegans, single-stranded antisense RNA had a modest effect in diminishing specific gene expression, whereas double-stranded mixtures caused potent and specific interference (Fire et al., 1998). RNAi is a multistep process involving the generation of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in vivo through the action of the RNase III endonuclease ‘Dicer’. The resulting 21- to 23-nt siRNAs mediate degradation of their complementary RNA (Shi, 2003). |
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